{"id":26789,"date":"2025-06-24T14:23:18","date_gmt":"2025-06-24T12:23:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.clinica-sante.com\/ro\/analize-fara-categorie\/glucoza-serica-glicemie\/"},"modified":"2026-02-27T16:13:53","modified_gmt":"2026-02-27T14:13:53","slug":"glucoza-serica-glicemie","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/www.clinica-sante.com\/ro\/analize-biochimie\/glucoza-serica-glicemie\/","title":{"rendered":"Glucoza seric\u0103 (glicemie)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>1. Descriere general\u0103<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Glicemia reprezint\u0103 concentra\u021bia de glucoz\u0103 din s\u00e2nge la un moment dat, fiind unul dintre principalii indicatori ai metabolismului glucidic. Glucoza este principala surs\u0103 de energie pentru organism, indispensabil\u0103 pentru func\u021bionarea optim\u0103 a celulelor, \u00een special a creierului, care depinde aproape exclusiv de glucoz\u0103 pentru energie.<\/p>\n<p>Dup\u0103 consumul alimentelor, carbohidra\u021bii sunt transforma\u021bi \u00een glucoz\u0103 \u00een intestinul sub\u021bire, iar aceasta este absorbit\u0103 \u00een s\u00e2nge. Pancreasul joac\u0103 un rol esen\u021bial \u00een men\u021binerea glicemiei \u00een limite normale prin secre\u021bia hormonilor insulin\u0103 \u0219i glucagon. Insulina scade glicemia prin facilitarea p\u0103trunderii glucozei \u00een celule \u0219i stocarea ei sub form\u0103 de glicogen \u00een ficat \u0219i mu\u0219chi. Glucagonul are efect invers, cresc\u00e2nd glicemia prin stimularea eliber\u0103rii glucozei din depozite (glicogenoliz\u0103) \u0219i sinteza acesteia din precursori (gluconeogenez\u0103).<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen condi\u021bii fiziologice, glicemia este men\u021binut\u0103 \u00eentr-un interval relativ constant (\u00een general, 70\u201399 mg\/dL, pe nem\u00e2ncate), datorit\u0103 regl\u0103rii hormonale \u00een care sunt implicate pancreasul, ficatul, rinichii \u0219i glandele suprarenale. Dezechilibrele acestui mecanism pot duce la:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Hiperglicemie <\/strong>\u2013 valori crescute ale glucozei \u00een s\u00e2nge, \u00eent\u00e2lnite cel mai frecvent \u00een diabetul zaharat. Pe termen lung, hiperglicemia afecteaz\u0103 vasele de s\u00e2nge \u0219i nervii, cresc\u00e2nd riscul de complica\u021bii cardiovasculare, renale, oculare \u0219i neurologice.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hipoglicemie <\/strong>\u2013 valori sc\u0103zute ale glucozei, cu efecte acute precum ame\u021beli, tremor, tulbur\u0103ri de vedere, iar \u00een cazuri severe, pierderea con\u0219tien\u021bei.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Determinarea glicemiei este una dintre cele mai frecvente analize efectuate, utilizat\u0103 at\u00e2t ca test de screening pentru depistarea diabetului zaharat, c\u00e2t \u0219i pentru monitorizarea tratamentului la pacien\u021bii diagnostica\u021bi cu aceast\u0103 boal\u0103.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Indica\u021bii de testare<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Evaluare de rutin\u0103 \u00een cadrul controalelor anuale<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Screening pentru diabet zaharat \u0219i prediabet<\/strong>, la persoane cu factori de risc (obezitate, hipertensiune arterial\u0103, dislipidemie, istoric familial de diabet) sau cu simptome precum: sete\/foame excesiv\u0103, urinare frecvent\u0103, oboseal\u0103 persistent\u0103, infec\u021bii recurente.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Diagnosticul \u0219i monitorizarea diabetului zaharat, <\/strong>\u00een asociere cu alte teste (HbA1c, OGTT).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Diagnosticul hipoglicemiei<\/strong>, in prezenta unor simptome precum: episoade de sl\u0103biciune, foame, ame\u021beli, transpira\u021bii, tremor, palpita\u021bii, confuzie.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Evaluarea metabolismului glucidic \u00een cadrul unor afec\u021biuni hepatice, renale sau endocrine<\/strong> (sindrom Cushing, acromegalie, disfunc\u021bii tiroidiene). <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>3. Preg\u0103tire pacient<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pentru glicemia \u00e0 jeun (pe nem\u00e2ncate), este necesar un repaus alimentar de 8\u201312 ore.<\/li>\n<li>Evitarea consumului de alcool \u0219i a efortului fizic intens cu 24 de ore \u00eenainte de recoltare, deoarece pot modifica valorile glicemiei.<\/li>\n<li>Este necesar\u0103 precizarea medica\u021biei utilizate (corticosteroizi, diuretice, beta-blocante, antidiabetice orale, insulin\u0103), \u00eentruc\u00e2t acestea pot influen\u021ba rezultatele.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>4. Tipul probei recoltate<\/strong>: S\u00e2nge venos<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. Valori de referin\u021b\u0103<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<table style=\"border: 1px solid #000\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td data-row=\"1\"><strong>Valori<\/strong><\/td>\n<td data-row=\"1\"><strong>mg\/dL<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-row=\"2\">Normal (\u00e0 jeun)<\/td>\n<td data-row=\"2\">70\u201399<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-row=\"3\">Prediabet<\/td>\n<td data-row=\"3\">100\u2013125<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-row=\"4\">Diabet zaharat<\/td>\n<td data-row=\"4\">\u2265 126<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-row=\"5\">Glicemie la 2 ore postprandial (condi\u021bii normale)<\/td>\n<td data-row=\"5\">&lt; 140<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Glicemia m\u0103surat\u0103 aleatoriu \u2265200 mg\/dL, \u00een prezen\u021ba simptomelor clasice (sete, poliurie, sc\u0103dere ponderal\u0103), este criteriu diagnostic pentru diabet.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. Interpretare rezultate<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Valori sc\u0103zute (&lt;70 mg\/dL) &#8211; hipoglicemie<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>La pacien\u021bii diabetici, \u00een cazul unor doze excesive de insulin\u0103 sau antidiabetice orale.<\/li>\n<li>Afec\u021biuni hepatice severe, insuficien\u021b\u0103 suprarenalian\u0103, tumori secretante de insulin\u0103 (insulinom).<\/li>\n<li>Consumul excesiv de alcool sau post prelungit.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Valori crescute<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>100\u2013125 mg\/dL:<\/strong> <strong>prediabet <\/strong>\u2013 necesit\u0103 modificarea stilului de via\u021b\u0103.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u2265 126 mg\/dL: diabet zaharat<\/strong> \u2013 confirmat prin dou\u0103 determin\u0103ri separate.<\/li>\n<li>Cre\u0219teri tranzitorii pot ap\u0103rea \u00een cazuri de stres, infec\u021bii, traumatisme, boli acute.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>6. Factori care pot influen\u021ba rezultatul<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Alimenta\u021bia \u00eenainte de recoltare.<\/li>\n<li>Consumul de alcool sau cafea.<\/li>\n<li>Efort fizic intens sau stres psihic.<\/li>\n<li>Medicamente: corticosteroizi, contraceptive orale, beta-blocante, antipsihotice (hiperglicemie); insulin\u0103, salicila\u021bi (hipoglicemie).<\/li>\n<li>Afec\u021biuni cronice: boli hepatice, insuficien\u021b\u0103 renal\u0103, tulbur\u0103ri endocrine.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>7. Analize complementare<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hemoglobina glicozilat\u0103 (HbA1c)<\/li>\n<li>Test de toleran\u021b\u0103 la glucoz\u0103 per os (TTGO)<\/li>\n<li>Creatinin\u0103 seric\u0103<\/li>\n<li>Raport Microalbuminurie \/ creatinina urinar\u0103<\/li>\n<li>Glucoza urinar\u0103<\/li>\n<li>Pachet indice HOMA<\/li>\n<li>Insulina<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Glicemia determin\u0103 nivelul glucozei (zah\u0103rului) din s\u00e2nge, reprezent\u00e2nd un indicator de baz\u0103 al st\u0103rii de s\u0103n\u0103tate. Testul glucozei serice este important pentru diagnosticul \u0219i monitorizarea diabetului zaharat, depistarea tulbur\u0103rilor metabolice, precum \u0219i evaluarea eficien\u021bei interven\u021biilor terapeutice la ace\u0219ti pacien\u021bi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false},"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[1209,3169,2876],"product_tag":[3213,3242,3240,3239,3241,3238],"class_list":{"0":"post-26789","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","5":"product_cat-analize","6":"product_cat-biochimie","7":"product_cat-serviciu-laborator","8":"product_tag-diabet-zaharat","9":"product_tag-glucoza-in-sange","10":"product_tag-hiperglicemie","11":"product_tag-hipoglicemie","12":"product_tag-monitorizare-glicemie","13":"product_tag-prediabet","14":"pa_conditii-medicale-afecti-diabet-zaharat-tip-1","15":"pa_conditii-medicale-afecti-diabet-zaharat-tip-2","16":"pa_conditii-medicale-afecti-disfuctie-erectila","17":"pa_conditii-medicale-afecti-epilepsie","18":"pa_conditii-medicale-afecti-hipertensiune-arteriala-esentiala","19":"pa_conditii-medicale-afecti-istoric-de-accident-vascular-cerebral-avc","20":"pa_conditii-medicale-afecti-neuropatie-periferica","21":"pa_conditii-medicale-afecti-prediabet-rezistenta-la-insulina","22":"pa_conditii-medicale-afecti-testarea-functiei-renale-boala-cronica-de-rinichi-2","23":"pa_conditii-medicale-afecti-tumori-neuroendocrine-pancreatice","24":"pa_parti-ale-corpului-organ-pancreas","25":"pa_parti-ale-corpului-siste-sistem-digestiv","27":"first","28":"instock","29":"sale","30":"virtual","31":"purchasable","32":"product-type-simple"},"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.clinica-sante.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/26789","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.clinica-sante.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.clinica-sante.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.clinica-sante.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26789"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.clinica-sante.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=26789"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.clinica-sante.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=26789"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.clinica-sante.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=26789"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}