{"id":18878,"date":"2024-09-23T13:38:42","date_gmt":"2024-09-23T11:38:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.clinica-sante.com\/ro\/?p=18878"},"modified":"2026-03-20T14:13:57","modified_gmt":"2026-03-20T12:13:57","slug":"hipertensiunea-arteriala-esentiala-si-riscul-cardiovascular","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.clinica-sante.com\/ro\/hipertensiunea-arteriala-esentiala-si-riscul-cardiovascular\/","title":{"rendered":"Hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 esen\u021bial\u0103 \u0219i riscul cardiovascular"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Cuprins<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

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  1. \n Diagnosticul \u0219i stadializarea HTA:<\/a><\/span>\n <\/li>\n
  2. \n HTA esen\u021bial\u0103: factori de risc \u0219i manifest\u0103ri clinice<\/a><\/span>\n <\/li>\n
  3. \n Complica\u021biile HTA necontrolate<\/a><\/span>\n <\/li>\n
  4. \n Analize utile pentru monitorizarea pacien\u021bilor cu HTA<\/a><\/span>\n <\/li>\n <\/ol>\n <\/div>\n \n\n\n\n

    Hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 (HTA) este o afec\u021biune medical\u0103 frecvent\u0103 caracterizat\u0103 prin cre\u0219terea persistent\u0103 a presiunii arteriale. Aceasta poate fi clasificat\u0103 \u00een hipertensiune arterial\u0103 esen\u021bial\u0103 (sau primar\u0103), care nu este consecin\u021ba direct\u0103 a unei anumite boli \u0219i se dezvolt\u0103 treptat de-a lungul mai multor ani, \u0219i hipertensiune arterial\u0103 secundar\u0103, care apare \u00een cadrul unei afec\u021biuni, precum boli renale, neurologice sau tulbur\u0103ri endocrine.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

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    \n 1.<\/span>\n Diagnosticul \u0219i stadializarea HTA <\/span> <\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

    De obicei, diagnosticul HTA se bazeaz\u0103 pe m\u0103sur\u0103tori repetate ale tensiunii arteriale (TA) care arat\u0103 valori peste 140\/90 mmHg, \u00eens\u0103 \u00een ultimii ani exist\u0103 o tendin\u021b\u0103 a ghidurilor interna\u021bionale de specialitate de a sc\u0103dea aceast\u0103 valoare prag la 130\/80 mmHg.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

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    \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n
    Grad HTA<\/th>\n TA sistolic\u0103<\/th>\n TA diastolic\u0103<\/th>\n <\/tr>\n <\/thead>\n \n
    Normal\u0103<\/td>\n \n \n 120-129 mmHg<\/td>\n \n \n 80-84 mmHg<\/td>\n \n <\/tr>\n
    Normal-\u00eenalt\u0103<\/td>\n \n \n 130-139 mmHg<\/td>\n \n \n 85-89 mmHg<\/td>\n \n <\/tr>\n
    Gradul I<\/td>\n \n \n 140-159 mmHg<\/td>\n \n \n 90-99 mmHg<\/td>\n \n <\/tr>\n
    Gradul II<\/td>\n \n \n 160-179 mmHg<\/td>\n \n \n 100-109 mmHg<\/td>\n \n <\/tr>\n
    Gradul III<\/td>\n \n \n \u2265180 mmHg<\/td>\n \n \n \u2265110 mmHg<\/td>\n \n <\/tr>\n
    HTA sistolic\u0103 izolat\u0103<\/td>\n \n \n \u2265140 mmHg<\/td>\n \n \n <90 mmHg<\/td>\n \n <\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n sus<\/span>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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    \n 2.<\/span>\n HTA esen\u021bial\u0103: factori de risc \u0219i manifest\u0103ri clinice <\/span> <\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

    HTA esen\u021bial\u0103 reprezint\u0103 majoritatea cazurilor de hipertensiune arterial\u0103 \u0219i apare odat\u0103 cu \u00eenaintarea \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103. De\u0219i nu are o cauz\u0103 identificabil\u0103, exist\u0103 mai mul\u021bi factori care contribuie la apari\u021bia ei: factori genetici, factori de mediu \u0219i stilul de via\u021b\u0103. Astfel, istoricul familial de HTA, v\u00e2rsta, dieta bogat\u0103 \u00een sare \u0219i stilul de via\u021b\u0103 sedentar, stresul cronic, fumatul, consumul excesiv de alcool \u0219i nu \u00een ultimul r\u00e2nd o greutate corporal\u0103 neadecvat\u0103 (supraponderalitate sau obezitate) sunt factori asocia\u021bi dezvolt\u0103rii HTA primar\u0103.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

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    De cele mai multe ori, \u00een special \u00een stadiile incipiente, nu exist\u0103 simptome evidente ale HTA, motiv pentru care a fost adesea denumit\u0103 \u201euciga\u0219ul t\u0103cut\u201d. Multe persoane cu tensiune arterial\u0103 ridicat\u0103 pot s\u0103 nu fie con\u0219tiente de afec\u021biunea lor p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een momentul detect\u0103rii \u00een timpul unui control medical de rutin\u0103 sau apari\u021biei unor complica\u021bii severe. Totu\u0219i, atunci c\u00e2nd apar simptome, acestea pot include:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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